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Compare Sudan (2001) - Saint Kitts and Nevis (2001)

Compare Sudan (2001) z Saint Kitts and Nevis (2001)

 Sudan (2001)Saint Kitts and Nevis (2001)
 SudanSaint Kitts and Nevis
Administrative divisions 26 states (wilayat, singular - wilayah); A'ali an Nil, Al Bahr al Ahmar, Al Buhayrat, Al Jazirah, Al Khartum, Al Qadarif, Al Wahdah, An Nil al Abyad, An Nil al Azraq, Ash Shamaliyah, Bahr al Jabal, Gharb al Istiwa'iyah, Gharb Bahr al Ghazal, Gharb Darfur, Gharb Kurdufan, Janub Darfur, Janub Kurdufan, Junqali, Kassala, Nahr an Nil, Shamal Bahr al Ghazal, Shamal Darfur, Shamal Kurdufan, Sharq al Istiwa'iyah, Sinnar, Warab 14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capisterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capisterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point
Age structure 0-14 years:
44.62% (male 8,227,011; female 7,870,783)

15-64 years:
53.29% (male 9,619,218; female 9,608,469)

65 years and over:
2.09% (male 425,898; female 328,994) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
29.84% (male 5,909; female 5,654)

15-64 years:
61.37% (male 11,870; female 11,915)

65 years and over:
8.79% (male 1,406; female 2,002) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sugarcane, cassara, mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, sesame; sheep, livestock sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fish
Airports 61 (2000 est.) 2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
12

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
49

1,524 to 2,437 m:
15

914 to 1,523 m:
25

under 914 m:
9 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
2,505,810 sq km

land:
2.376 million sq km

water:
129,810 sq km
total:
261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)

land:
261 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than one-quarter the size of the US 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Military dictatorships promulgating an Islamic government have mostly run the country since independence from the UK in 1956. Over the past two decades, a civil war pitting black Christians and animists in the south against the Arab-Muslims of the north has cost at least 1.5 million lives in war- and famine-related deaths, as well as the displacement of millions of others. First settled by the British in 1623, the islands became an associated state with full internal autonomy in 1967. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved independence in 1983. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the two-thirds majority needed.
Birth rate 37.89 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 18.78 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$1.2 billion

expenditures:
$1.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues:
$64.1 million

expenditures:
$73.3 million, including capital expenditures of $10.4 million (1997 est.)
Capital Khartoum Basseterre
Climate tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season (April to October) tropical tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
Coastline 853 km 135 km
Constitution 12 April 1973, suspended following coup of 6 April 1985; interim constitution of 10 October 1985 suspended following coup of 30 June 1989; new constitution implemented on 30 June 1998 partially suspended 12 December 1999 by President BASHIR 19 September 1983
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of the Sudan

conventional short form:
Sudan

local long form:
Jumhuriyat as-Sudan

local short form:
As-Sudan

former:
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
conventional long form:
Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis

conventional short form:
Saint Kitts and Nevis

former:
Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
Currency Sudanese dinar (SDD) East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Death rate 10.04 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 9.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $24.9 billion (2000 est.) $115.1 million (1998)
Diplomatic representation from the US US officials at the US Embassy in Khartoum were moved for security reasons in February 1996 and have been relocated to the US Embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Cairo, Egypt, from where they make periodic visits to Khartoum; the US Embassy in Khartoum is located on Sharia Abdul Latif Avenue; mailing address - P. O. Box 699, Khartoum; APO AE 09829; telephone - [249] (11) 774611 or 774700; FAX - [249] (11) 774137; the US Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya is located in the Interim Office Building on Mombasa Road, Nairobi; mailing address - P. O. Box 30137, Box 21A, Unit 64100, APO AE 09831; telephone - [254] (2) 751613; FAX - [254] (2) 743204; the US Embassy in Cairo, Egypt is located at (North Gate) 8, Kamel El-Din Salah Street, Garden City, Cairo; mailing address - Unit 64900, APO AE 09839-4900; telephone - [20] (2) 3557371; FAX - [20] (2) 3573200 the US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; the US Ambassador in Barbados is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Mahdi Ibrahim MAHAMMAD (recalled to Khartoum in August 1998)

chancery:
2210 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 338-8565

FAX:
[1] (202) 667-2406
chief of mission:
Ambassador Dr. Osbert W. LIBURD

chancery:
3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016

telephone:
[1] (202) 686-2636

FAX:
[1] (202) 686-5740
Disputes - international administrative boundary with Kenya does not coincide with international boundary; Egypt asserts its claim to the "Hala'ib Triangle," a barren area of 20,580 sq km under partial Sudanese administration that is defined by an administrative boundary which supersedes the treaty boundary of 1899 none
Economic aid - recipient $187 million (1997) $5.5 million (1995)
Economy - overview Sudan is buffeted by civil war, chronic instability, adverse weather, weak world agricultural prices, a drop in remittances from abroad, and counterproductive economic policies. The private sector's main areas of activity are agriculture (which employs 80% of the work force), trading, and light industry which is mostly processing of agricultural goods. Most of the 1990s were characterized by sluggish economic growth as the IMF suspended lending, declared Sudan a non-cooperative state, and threatened to expel Sudan from the IMF. Starting in 1997, Sudan began implementing IMF macroeconomic reforms which have successfully stabilized inflation at 10% or less. Sudan continues to have limited international credit resources as over 75% of Sudan's debt of $24.9 billion is in arrears and Khartoum's continued prosecution of the civil war works to isolate Sudan. In 1999, Sudan began exporting oil and in 1999-2000 had recorded its first trade surpluses. Current oil production stands at 185,000 barrels per day, of which about 70% is exported and the rest refined for domestic consumption. Despite its many infrastructure problems, Sudan's increased oil production, the return of regular rainfall, and recent investments in irrigation schemes should allow the country to achieve economic growth of 6% in 2001. The economy has traditionally depended on the growing and processing of sugarcane; decreasing world prices have hurt the industry in recent years. Tourism, export-oriented manufacturing, and offshore banking activity have assumed larger roles. Most food is imported. The government has undertaken a program designed to revitalize the faltering sugar sector. It is also working to improve revenue collection in order to better fund social programs. In 1997 some leaders in Nevis were urging separation from Saint Kitts on the basis that Nevis was paying far more in taxes than it was receiving in government services, but the vote on cessation failed in August 1998. In late September 1998, Hurricane Georges caused approximately $445 million in damages and limited GDP growth for the year.
Electricity - consumption 1.637 billion kWh (1999) 83.7 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 1.76 billion kWh (1999) 90 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
42.05%

hydro:
57.95%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Red Sea 0 m

highest point:
Kinyeti 3,187 m
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m
Environment - current issues inadequate supplies of potable water; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups black 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1% predominantly black some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese
Exchange rates Sudanese dinars per US dollar - 257.44 (January 2001), 257.12 (2000), 252.55 (1999), 200.80 (1998), 157.57 (1997), 125.08 (1996) East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Lt. Gen. Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR (since 16 October 1993); First Vice President Ali Uthman Muhammad TAHA (since 17 February 1998), Second Vice President Moses MACHAR (since 12 February 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Lt. Gen. Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR (since 16 October 1993); First Vice President Ali Uthman Muhammad TAHA (since 17 February 1998), Second Vice President Moses MACHAR (since 12 February 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president; note - the National Congress Party (front for the National Islamic Front or NIF) dominates BASHIR's cabinet

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 13-23 December 2000 (next to be held NA 2005)

election results:
Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR reelected president; percent of vote - Umar Hasan Ahmad al-BASHIR 86.5%, Ja'afar Muhammed NUMAYRI 9.6%, three other candidates received less than a combined 4% of the vote

note:
BASHIR assumed supreme executive power in 1989 and retained it through several transitional governments in the early and mid-90s before being popularly elected for the first time in March 1996
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Perlette LOUISY (since September 1997)

head of government:
Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
Exports $1.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $53.2 million (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities oil and petroleum products, cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, gum arabic, sugar machinery, food, electronics, beverages, tobacco
Exports - partners Saudi Arabia 16%, Italy 10%, Germany 5%, France 3%, Thailand 3% (1999) US 68.5%, UK 22.3%, Caricom countries 5.5% (1995 est.)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black with a green isosceles triangle based on the hoist side divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white, five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, the lower triangle is red
GDP purchasing power parity - $35.7 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $274 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
39%

industry:
17%

services:
44% (1998 est.)
agriculture:
5.5%

industry:
22.5%

services:
72% (1996)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $7,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 7% (2000 est.) 5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 15 00 N, 30 00 E 17 20 N, 62 45 W
Geography - note largest country in Africa; dominated by the Nile and its tributaries -
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
11,900 km

paved:
4,320 km

unpaved:
7,580 km (1996)
total:
320 km

paved:
136 km

unpaved:
184 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe
Imports $1.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $151.5 million (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles machinery, manufactures, food, fuels
Imports - partners China 14.7%, Libya 14.7%, Saudi Arabia 8.9%, UK 8.7%, France 6.7% (1999) US 42.4%, Caricom countries 17.2%, UK 11.3% (1995 est.)
Independence 1 January 1956 (from Egypt and UK) 19 September 1983 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 5% (1996 est.) NA%
Industries cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments sugar processing, tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages
Infant mortality rate 68.67 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 16.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 10% (2000 est.) 2.5% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 16 (2000)
Irrigated land 19,460 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Special Revolutionary Courts Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Kitts and Nevis)
Labor force 11 million (1996 est.) 18,172 (June 1995)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 80%, industry and commerce 10%, government 6%, unemployed 4% (1996 est.) NA
Land boundaries total:
7,687 km

border countries:
Central African Republic 1,165 km, Chad 1,360 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 628 km, Egypt 1,273 km, Eritrea 605 km, Ethiopia 1,606 km, Kenya 232 km, Libya 383 km, Uganda 435 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
5%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
46%

forests and woodland:
19%

other:
30% (1993 est.)
arable land:
22%

permanent crops:
17%

permanent pastures:
3%

forests and woodland:
17%

other:
41% (1993 est.)
Languages Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English

note:
program of "Arabization" in process
English
Legal system based on English common law and Islamic law; as of 20 January 1991, the now defunct Revolutionary Command Council imposed Islamic law in the northern states; Islamic law applies to all residents of the northern states regardless of their religion; some separate religious courts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on English common law
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (400 seats; 275 elected by popular vote, 125 elected by a supra assembly of interest groups known as the National Congress)

elections:
last held 13-23 December 2000 (next to be held NA)

election results:
NA; few parties participated in the 2000 elections

note:
on 12 December 1999, BASHIR dismissed the National Assembly during an internal power struggle between the president and speaker of the National Assembly Hasan al-TURABI
unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3 appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member constituencies; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 6 March 2000 (next to be held by July 2005)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SKNLP 8, CCM 2, NRP 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
56.94 years

male:
55.85 years

female:
58.08 years (2001 est.)
total population:
71.01 years

male:
68.22 years

female:
73.97 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
46.1%

male:
57.7%

female:
34.6% (1995 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
98% (1980 est.)
Location Northern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago
Map references Africa Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
18 NM

continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

territorial sea:
12 NM
contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

territorial sea:
12 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM
Merchant marine total:
4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 38,093 GRT/49,727 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 2, roll on/roll off 2 (2000 est.)
none (2000 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, Popular Defense Force Militia Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Police Force, Coast Guard, Royal Saint Kitts and Nevis Defense Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $550 million (FY98) $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% NA%
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
8,436,732 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
5,194,862 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
398,294 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 1 January (1956) Independence Day, 19 September (1983)
Nationality noun:
Sudanese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Sudanese
noun:
Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s)

adjective:
Kittitian, Nevisian
Natural hazards dust storms hurricanes (July to October)
Natural resources petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold, hydropower arable land
Net migration rate 0.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -10.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines refined products 815 km -
Political parties and leaders the government allows political "associations" under a 1998 law revised in 2000; to obtain government approval parties must accept the constitution and refrain from advocating or using violence against the regime; approved parties include the National Congress Party or NCP [Ibrahim Ahmed UMAR], Popular National Congress [Hassan al-TURABI], and a handful of minor pro-government parties Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's Action Movement or PAM [Lindsey GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS]
Political pressure groups and leaders National Congress Party [Ibrahim Ahmed UMAR] (front for the National Islamic Front or NIF); Popular National Congress [Hassan al-TURABI]; Umma [Sadiq al-MAHDI]; Democratic Unionist Party [Muhammed Uthman AL-MIRGHANI]; National Democratic Alliance [Muhammed Uthman AL-MIRGHANI, chairman]; Sudan People's Liberation Army [Dr. John GARANG] NA
Population 36,080,373 (July 2001 est.) 38,756 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 2.79% (2001 est.) -0.11% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Juba, Khartoum, Kusti, Malakal, Nimule, Port Sudan, Sawakin Basseterre, Charlestown
Radio broadcast stations AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 3, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 7.55 million (1997) 28,000 (1997)
Railways total:
5,311 km

narrow gauge:
4,595 km 1.067-m gauge; 716 km 1.6096-m gauge plantation line

note:
the main line linking Khartoum to Port Sudan carries over two-thirds of Sudan's rail traffic
total:
58 km

narrow gauge:
58 km 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts to serve sugarcane plantations (1995)
Religions Sunni Muslim 70% (in north), indigenous beliefs 25%, Christian 5% (mostly in south and Khartoum) Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.29 male(s)/female

total population:
1.03 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 17 years of age; universal, but noncompulsory 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
large, well-equipped system by regional standards and being upgraded; cellular communications started in 1996 and have expanded substantially

domestic:
consists of microwave radio relay, cable, radiotelephone communications, tropospheric scatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 earth stations

international:
satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat (2000)
general assessment:
good interisland and international connections

domestic:
interisland links to Antigua and Barbuda and Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) are handled by VHF/UHF/SHF radiotelephone

international:
international calls are carried by radiotelephone to Antigua and Barbuda and switched there to submarine cable or to Intelsat; or carried to Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) by radiotelephone and switched to Intelsat
Telephones - main lines in use 400,000 (2000) 17,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 20,000 (2000) 205 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 3 (1997) 1 (plus three repeaters) (1997)
Terrain generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in east and west volcanic with mountainous interiors
Total fertility rate 5.35 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.41 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 4% (1996 est.) 4.5% (1997)
Waterways 5,310 km none
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